﻿using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Xml;


/// <summary>
/// The SqlHelper class is intended to encapsulate high performance, scalable best practices for 
/// common uses of SqlClient
/// </summary>
public class SqlHelper
{
    #region private utility methods & constructors

    // Since this class provides only static methods, make the default constructor private to prevent 
    // instances from being created with "new SqlHelper()"
    private SqlHelper() { }

    /// <summary>
    /// This method is used to attach array of SqlParameters to a SqlCommand.
    /// 
    /// This method will assign a value of DbNull to any parameter with a direction of
    /// InputOutput and a value of null.  
    /// 
    /// This behavior will prevent default values from being used, but
    /// this will be the less common case than an intended pure output parameter (derived as InputOutput)
    /// where the user provided no input value.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="command">The command to which the parameters will be added</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be added to command</param>
    private static void AttachParameters(SqlCommand command, SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
        if (commandParameters != null)
        {
            foreach (SqlParameter p in commandParameters)
            {
                if (p != null)
                {
                    // Check for derived output value with no value assigned
                    if ((p.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput ||
                        p.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
                        (p.Value == null))
                    {
                        p.Value = DBNull.Value;
                    }
                    command.Parameters.Add(p);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This method assigns dataRow column values to an array of SqlParameters
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">Array of SqlParameters to be assigned values</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values</param>
    private static void AssignParameterValues(SqlParameter[] commandParameters, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if ((commandParameters == null) || (dataRow == null))
        {
            // Do nothing if we get no data
            return;
        }

        int i = 0;
        // Set the parameters values
        foreach (SqlParameter commandParameter in commandParameters)
        {
            // Check the parameter name
            if (commandParameter.ParameterName == null ||
                commandParameter.ParameterName.Length <= 1)
                throw new Exception(
                    string.Format(
                        "Please provide a valid parameter name on the parameter #{0}, the ParameterName property has the following value: '{1}'.",
                        i, commandParameter.ParameterName));
            if (dataRow.Table.Columns.IndexOf(commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)) != -1)
                commandParameter.Value = dataRow[commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)];
            i++;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This method assigns an array of values to an array of SqlParameters
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">Array of SqlParameters to be assigned values</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">Array of objects holding the values to be assigned</param>
    private static void AssignParameterValues(SqlParameter[] commandParameters, object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if ((commandParameters == null) || (parameterValues == null))
        {
            // Do nothing if we get no data
            return;
        }

        // We must have the same number of values as we pave parameters to put them in
        if (commandParameters.Length != parameterValues.Length)
        {
            throw new ArgumentException("Parameter count does not match Parameter Value count.");
        }

        // Iterate through the SqlParameters, assigning the values from the corresponding position in the 
        // value array
        for (int i = 0, j = commandParameters.Length; i < j; i++)
        {
            // If the current array value derives from IDbDataParameter, then assign its Value property
            if (parameterValues[i] is IDbDataParameter)
            {
                IDbDataParameter paramInstance = (IDbDataParameter)parameterValues[i];
                if (paramInstance.Value == null)
                {
                    commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
                }
                else
                {
                    commandParameters[i].Value = paramInstance.Value;
                }
            }
            else if (parameterValues[i] == null)
            {
                commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
            }
            else
            {
                commandParameters[i].Value = parameterValues[i];
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This method opens (if necessary) and assigns a connection, transaction, command type and parameters 
    /// to the provided command
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="command">The SqlCommand to be prepared</param>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection, on which to execute this command</param>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction, or 'null'</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be associated with the command or 'null' if no parameters are required</param>
    /// <param name="mustCloseConnection"><c>true</c> if the connection was opened by the method, otherwose is false.</param>
    private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand command, SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, SqlParameter[] commandParameters, out bool mustCloseConnection)
    {
        if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
        if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

        // If the provided connection is not open, we will open it
        if (connection.State != ConnectionState.Open)
        {
            mustCloseConnection = true;
            connection.Open();
        }
        else
        {
            mustCloseConnection = false;
        }

        // Associate the connection with the command
        command.Connection = connection;

        // Set the command text (stored procedure name or SQL statement)
        command.CommandText = commandText;

        // If we were provided a transaction, assign it
        if (transaction != null)
        {
            if (transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            command.Transaction = transaction;
        }

        // Set the command type
        command.CommandType = commandType;

        // Attach the command parameters if they are provided
        if (commandParameters != null)
        {
            AttachParameters(command, commandParameters);
        }
        return;
    }

    #endregion private utility methods & constructors

    #region ExecuteNonQuery

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
    /// using the provided parameters
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");

        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored prcedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Finally, execute the command
        int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

        // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
        cmd.Parameters.Clear();
        if (mustCloseConnection)
            connection.Close();
        return retval;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Finally, execute the command
        int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

        // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
        cmd.Parameters.Clear();
        return retval;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified 
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, trans, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion ExecuteNonQuery

    #region ExecuteDataset

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");

        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
        using (SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd))
        {
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();

            // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
            da.Fill(ds);

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();

            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();

            // Return the dataset
            return ds;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteDataset(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
        using (SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd))
        {
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();

            // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
            da.Fill(ds);

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();

            // Return the dataset
            return ds;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion ExecuteDataset

    #region ExecuteReader

    /// <summary>
    /// This enum is used to indicate whether the connection was provided by the caller, or created by SqlHelper, so that
    /// we can set the appropriate CommandBehavior when calling ExecuteReader()
    /// </summary>
    private enum SqlConnectionOwnership
    {
        /// <summary>Connection is owned and managed by SqlHelper</summary>
        Internal,
        /// <summary>Connection is owned and managed by the caller</summary>
        External
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Create and prepare a SqlCommand, and call ExecuteReader with the appropriate CommandBehavior.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// If we created and opened the connection, we want the connection to be closed when the DataReader is closed.
    /// 
    /// If the caller provided the connection, we want to leave it to them to manage.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection, on which to execute this command</param>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction, or 'null'</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be associated with the command or 'null' if no parameters are required</param>
    /// <param name="connectionOwnership">Indicates whether the connection parameter was provided by the caller, or created by SqlHelper</param>
    /// <returns>SqlDataReader containing the results of the command</returns>
    private static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, SqlParameter[] commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership connectionOwnership)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        try
        {
            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create a reader
            SqlDataReader dataReader;

            // Call ExecuteReader with the appropriate CommandBehavior
            if (connectionOwnership == SqlConnectionOwnership.External)
            {
                dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
            }
            else
            {
                dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
            }

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again.
            // HACK: There is a problem here, the output parameter values are fletched 
            // when the reader is closed, so if the parameters are detached from the command
            // then the SqlReader can´t set its values. 
            // When this happen, the parameters can´t be used again in other command.
            bool canClear = true;
            foreach (SqlParameter commandParameter in cmd.Parameters)
            {
                if (commandParameter.Direction != ParameterDirection.Input)
                    canClear = false;
            }

            if (canClear)
            {
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            }

            return dataReader;
        }
        catch
        {
            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();
            throw;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteReader(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        SqlConnection connection = null;
        try
        {
            connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
            connection.Open();

            // Call the private overload that takes an internally owned connection in place of the connection string
            return ExecuteReader(connection, null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.Internal);
        }
        catch
        {
            // If we fail to return the SqlDatReader, we need to close the connection ourselves
            if (connection != null) connection.Close();
            throw;
        }

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            return ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteReader(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        // Pass through the call to the private overload using a null transaction value and an externally owned connection
        return ExecuteReader(connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.External);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            return ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteReader(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///   SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

        // Pass through to private overload, indicating that the connection is owned by the caller
        return ExecuteReader(transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.External);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            return ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion ExecuteReader

    #region ExecuteScalar

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            return ExecuteScalar(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteScalar(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Execute the command & return the results
        object retval = cmd.ExecuteScalar();

        // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
        cmd.Parameters.Clear();

        if (mustCloseConnection)
            connection.Close();

        return retval;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteScalar(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Execute the command & return the results
        object retval = cmd.ExecuteScalar();

        // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
        cmd.Parameters.Clear();
        return retval;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // PPull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion ExecuteScalar

    #region ExecuteXmlReader
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        try
        {
            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
            XmlReader retval = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();

            return retval;
        }
        catch
        {
            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();
            throw;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
    {
        // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
        return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
        XmlReader retval = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

        // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
        cmd.Parameters.Clear();
        return retval;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion ExecuteXmlReader

    #region FillDataset
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)</param>
    public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");

        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, 24);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>    
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, string spName,
        DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
        // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection.Open();

            // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
            FillDataset(connection, spName, dataSet, tableNames, parameterValues);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>    
    public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
    {
        FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        FillDataset(connection, null, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(conn, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, string spName,
        DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            FillDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            FillDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText,
        DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
    {
        FillDataset(transaction, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, null);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        FillDataset(transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
    /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure's return value parameter.
    /// 
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(trans, "GetOrders", ds, new string[]{"orders"}, 24, 36);
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
    public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName,
        DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params object[] parameterValues)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

            // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
            FillDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
            FillDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Private helper method that execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction and SqlConnection
    /// using the provided parameters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  FillDataset(conn, trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
    /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
    /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
    /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
    /// </param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
    private static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
        string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
        params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");

        // Create a command and prepare it for execution
        SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand();
        bool mustCloseConnection = false;
        PrepareCommand(command, connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

        // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
        using (SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(command))
        {

            // Add the table mappings specified by the user
            if (tableNames != null && tableNames.Length > 0)
            {
                string tableName = "Table";
                for (int index = 0; index < tableNames.Length; index++)
                {
                    if (tableNames[index] == null || tableNames[index].Length == 0) throw new ArgumentException("The tableNames parameter must contain a list of tables, a value was provided as null or empty string.", "tableNames");
                    dataAdapter.TableMappings.Add(tableName, tableNames[index]);
                    tableName += (index + 1).ToString();
                }
            }

            // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
            dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet);

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            command.Parameters.Clear();
        }

        if (mustCloseConnection)
            connection.Close();
    }
    #endregion

    #region UpdateDataset
    /// <summary>
    /// Executes the respective command for each inserted, updated, or deleted row in the DataSet.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  UpdateDataset(conn, insertCommand, deleteCommand, updateCommand, dataSet, "Order");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="insertCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure to insert new records into the data source</param>
    /// <param name="deleteCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure to delete records from the data source</param>
    /// <param name="updateCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure used to update records in the data source</param>
    /// <param name="dataSet">The DataSet used to update the data source</param>
    /// <param name="tableName">The DataTable used to update the data source.</param>
    public static void UpdateDataset(SqlCommand insertCommand, SqlCommand deleteCommand, SqlCommand updateCommand, DataSet dataSet, string tableName)
    {
        if (insertCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("insertCommand");
        if (deleteCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("deleteCommand");
        if (updateCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("updateCommand");
        if (tableName == null || tableName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("tableName");

        // Create a SqlDataAdapter, and dispose of it after we are done
        using (SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())
        {
            // Set the data adapter commands
            dataAdapter.UpdateCommand = updateCommand;
            dataAdapter.InsertCommand = insertCommand;
            dataAdapter.DeleteCommand = deleteCommand;

            // Update the dataset changes in the data source
            dataAdapter.Update(dataSet, tableName);

            // Commit all the changes made to the DataSet
            dataSet.AcceptChanges();
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region CreateCommand
    /// <summary>
    /// Simplify the creation of a Sql command object by allowing
    /// a stored procedure and optional parameters to be provided
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// e.g.:  
    ///  SqlCommand command = CreateCommand(conn, "AddCustomer", "CustomerID", "CustomerName");
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="sourceColumns">An array of string to be assigned as the source columns of the stored procedure parameters</param>
    /// <returns>A valid SqlCommand object</returns>
    public static SqlCommand CreateCommand(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params string[] sourceColumns)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // Create a SqlCommand
        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection);
        cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

        // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
        if ((sourceColumns != null) && (sourceColumns.Length > 0))
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Assign the provided source columns to these parameters based on parameter order
            for (int index = 0; index < sourceColumns.Length; index++)
                commandParameters[index].SourceColumn = sourceColumns[index];

            // Attach the discovered parameters to the SqlCommand object
            AttachParameters(cmd, commandParameters);
        }

        return cmd;
    }
    #endregion

    #region ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.  
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified
    /// SqlTransaction using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
    public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // Sf the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region ExecuteDatasetTypedParams
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(string connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        //If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the store procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region ExecuteReaderTypedParams
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region ExecuteScalarTypedParams
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in 
    /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }
    #endregion

    #region ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams
    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
    /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure's parameters values.
    /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
    /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure's parameter values.</param>
    /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
    public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
    {
        if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
        if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
        if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
        {
            // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
            SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

            // Set the parameters values
            AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

            return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
        }
        else
        {
            return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
        }
    }
    #endregion


    internal static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction sqlTransaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static object ExecuteScalar(string connectString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static IDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction sqlTransaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static IDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction sqlTransaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction sqlTransaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }

    internal static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, object[] commandParameters)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// SqlHelperParameterCache provides functions to leverage a static cache of procedure parameters, and the
/// ability to discover parameters for stored procedures at run-time.
/// </summary>
public sealed class SqlHelperParameterCache
{
    #region private methods, variables, and constructors

    //Since this class provides only static methods, make the default constructor private to prevent 
    //instances from being created with "new SqlHelperParameterCache()"
    private SqlHelperParameterCache() { }

    private static Hashtable paramCache = Hashtable.Synchronized(new Hashtable());

    /// <summary>
    /// Resolve at run time the appropriate set of SqlParameters for a stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">Whether or not to include their return value parameter</param>
    /// <returns>The parameter array discovered.</returns>
    private static SqlParameter[] DiscoverSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection);
        cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

        connection.Open();
        SqlCommandBuilder.DeriveParameters(cmd);
        connection.Close();

        if (!includeReturnValueParameter)
        {
            cmd.Parameters.RemoveAt(0);
        }

        SqlParameter[] discoveredParameters = new SqlParameter[cmd.Parameters.Count];

        cmd.Parameters.CopyTo(discoveredParameters, 0);

        // Init the parameters with a DBNull value
        foreach (SqlParameter discoveredParameter in discoveredParameters)
        {
            discoveredParameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
        }
        return discoveredParameters;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deep copy of cached SqlParameter array
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="originalParameters"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private static SqlParameter[] CloneParameters(SqlParameter[] originalParameters)
    {
        SqlParameter[] clonedParameters = new SqlParameter[originalParameters.Length];

        for (int i = 0, j = originalParameters.Length; i < j; i++)
        {
            clonedParameters[i] = (SqlParameter)((ICloneable)originalParameters[i]).Clone();
        }

        return clonedParameters;
    }

    #endregion private methods, variables, and constructors

    #region caching functions

    /// <summary>
    /// Add parameter array to the cache
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters to be cached</param>
    public static void CacheParameterSet(string connectionString, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

        string hashKey = connectionString + ":" + commandText;

        paramCache[hashKey] = commandParameters;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieve a parameter array from the cache
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParamters</returns>
    public static SqlParameter[] GetCachedParameterSet(string connectionString, string commandText)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

        string hashKey = connectionString + ":" + commandText;

        SqlParameter[] cachedParameters = paramCache[hashKey] as SqlParameter[];
        if (cachedParameters == null)
        {
            return null;
        }
        else
        {
            return CloneParameters(cachedParameters);
        }
    }

    #endregion caching functions

    #region Parameter Discovery Functions

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
    public static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(string connectionString, string spName)
    {
        return GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName, false);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
    public static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(string connectionString, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
    {
        if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            return GetSpParameterSetInternal(connection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
    internal static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName)
    {
        return GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName, false);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
    /// </remarks>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
    internal static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        using (SqlConnection clonedConnection = (SqlConnection)((ICloneable)connection).Clone())
        {
            return GetSpParameterSetInternal(clonedConnection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
    /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
    /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
    /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
    private static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSetInternal(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
    {
        if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
        if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

        string hashKey = connection.ConnectionString + ":" + spName + (includeReturnValueParameter ? ":include ReturnValue Parameter" : "");

        SqlParameter[] cachedParameters;

        cachedParameters = paramCache[hashKey] as SqlParameter[];
        if (cachedParameters == null)
        {
            SqlParameter[] spParameters = DiscoverSpParameterSet(connection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
            paramCache[hashKey] = spParameters;
            cachedParameters = spParameters;
        }

        return CloneParameters(cachedParameters);
    }

    #endregion Parameter Discovery Functions

}

